9.2.2.9 Lab – Configuring Multi-area OSPFv3 - Answers

Certification Answers

9.2.2.9 Lab – Configuring Multi-area OSPFv3 (Instructor Version)

Instructor Note: Red font color or gray highlights indicate text that appears in the instructor copy only.

Topology

Addressing Table

Device Interface IPv6 Address
R1 S0/0/0 (DCE) 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::1/64 FE80::1 link-local
Lo0 2001:DB8:ACAD::1/64
Lo1 2001:DB8:ACAD:1::1/64
Lo2 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::1/64
Lo3 2001:DB8:ACAD:3::1/64
R2 S0/0/0 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::2/64 FE80::2 link-local
S0/0/1 (DCE) 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::2/64 FE80::2 link-local
Lo8 2001:DB8:ACAD:8::1/64
R3 S0/0/1 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::3/64 FE80::3 link-local
Lo4 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::1/64
Lo5 2001:DB8:ACAD:5::1/64
Lo6 2001:DB8:ACAD:6::1/64
Lo7 2001:DB8:ACAD:7::1/64

Objectives

  • Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings
  • Part 2: Configure Multi-area OSPFv3 Routing

Background / Scenario

Using multi-area OSPFv3 in large IPv6 network deployments can reduce router processing cycles by creating smaller routing tables and requiring less memory overhead. In multi-area OSPFv3, all areas are connected to the backbone area (area 0) through area border routers (ABRs).

In this lab, you will implement OSPFv3 routing for multiple areas. You will also use a number of show commands to display and verify OSPFv3 routing information. This lab uses loopback addresses to simulate networks in multiple OSPFv3 areas.

Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 (universalk9 image). Other routers and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at this end of this lab for the correct interface identifiers.

Note: Make sure that the routers have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure, contact your instructor.

Instructor Note: Refer to the Instructor Lab Manual for the procedures to initialize and reload devices.

Required Resources

  • 3 Routers (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
  • 3 PCs (Windows with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
  • Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
  • Serial cables as shown in the topology

Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings

In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings on the routers.

Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology.
Step 2: Initialize and reload the routers as necessary.
Step 3: Configure basic settings for each router.

a. Disable DNS lookup.

b. Configure device name as shown in the topology.

c. Assign class as the privileged EXEC password.

d. Assign cisco as the vty password.

e. Configure a MOTD banner to warn users that unauthorized access is prohibited.

f. Configure logging synchronous for the console line.

g. Encrypt plaintext passwords.

h. Configure the IPv6 unicast and link-local addresses listed in the Addressing Table for all interfaces.

i. Enable IPv6 unicast routing on each router.

j. Copy the running configuration to the startup configuration.

Step 4: Test connectivity.

The routers should be able to ping one another. The routers are unable to ping distant loopbacks until OSPFv3 routing is configured. Verify and troubleshoot if necessary.

Part 2: Configure Multi-area OSPFv3 Routing

In Part 2, you will configure OSPFv3 routing on all routers to separate the network domain into three distinct areas, and then verify that routing tables are updated correctly.

Step 1: Assign router IDs.

a. On R1, issue the ipv6 router ospf command to start an OSPFv3 process on the router.

R1(config)# ipv6 router ospf 1

Note: The OSPF process ID is kept locally and has no meaning to other routers on the network.

b. Assign the OSPFv3 router ID 1.1.1.1 to R1.

R1(config-rtr)# router-id 1.1.1.1

c. Start an OSPFv3 process on R2 and R3 and assign a router ID of 2.2.2.2 to R2 and a router ID of 3.3.3.3 to R3.

d. Issue the show ipv6 ospf command to verify the router IDs on all routers.

R2# show ipv6 ospf
 Routing Process "ospfv3 1" with ID 2.2.2.2
 Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic
 Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
 <output omitted>
Step 2: Configure multi-area OSPFv3.

a. Issue the ipv6 ospf 1 area area-id command for each interface on R1 that is to participate in OSPFv3 routing. The loopback interfaces are assigned to area 1 and the serial interface is assigned to area 0. You will change the network type on the loopback interfaces to ensure that the correct subnet is advertised.

R1(config)# interface lo0
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)# interface lo1
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)# interface lo2
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)# interface lo3
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R1(config-if)# interface s0/0/0
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

b. Use the show ipv6 protocols command to verify multi-area OSPFv3 status.

R1# show ipv6 protocols  
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"  
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ND"  
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"  
  Router ID 1.1.1.1  
  Area border router  
  Number of areas: 2 normal, 0 stub, 0 nssa  
  Interfaces (Area 0):  
    Serial0/0/0  
  Interfaces (Area 1):  
    Loopback0  
    Loopback1  
    Loopback2  
    Loopback3  
  Redistribution:  
    None

c. Assign all interfaces on R2 to participate in OSPFv3 area 0. For the loopback interface, change the network type to point-to point. Write the commands used in the space below. ___________________

R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R2(config-if)# interface s0/0/0
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)# interface s0/0/1
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

d. Use the show ipv6 ospf interface brief command to view OSPFv3-enabled interfaces.

R2# show ipv6 ospf interface brief  
Interface    PID   Area            Intf ID    Cost  State Nbrs F/C  
Lo8          1     0               13         1     P2P   0/0  
Se0/0/1      1     0               7          64    P2P   1/1  
Se0/0/0      1     0               6          64    P2P   1/1

e. Assign the loopback interfaces on R3 to participate in OSPFv3 area 2 and change the network type to point-to-point. Assign the serial interface to participate in OSPFv3 area 0. Write the commands used in the space below. ___________________

R3(config)# interface lo4
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface lo5
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface lo6
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface lo7
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface s0/0/1
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0

f. Use the show ipv6 ospf command to verify configurations.

R3# show ipv6 ospf  
 Routing Process "ospfv3 1" with ID 3.3.3.3  
 Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic  
 It is an area border router  
 Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric  
 Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs  
 Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs  
 Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs  
 Minimum LSA interval 5 secs  
 Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs  
 LSA group pacing timer 240 secs  
 Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs  
 Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs  
 Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000  
 Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa  
 Graceful restart helper support enabled  
 Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps  
 RFC1583 compatibility enabled  
    Area BACKBONE(0)  
        Number of interfaces in this area is 1  
        SPF algorithm executed 2 times  
        Number of LSA 16. Checksum Sum 0x0929F8  
        Number of DCbitless LSA 0  
        Number of indication LSA 0  
        Number of DoNotAge LSA 0  
        Flood list length 0  
    Area 2  
        Number of interfaces in this area is 4  
        SPF algorithm executed 2 times  
        Number of LSA 13. Checksum Sum 0x048E3C  
        Number of DCbitless LSA 0  
        Number of indication LSA 0  
        Number of DoNotAge LSA 0  
        Flood list length 0
Step 3: Verify OSPFv3 neighbors and routing information.

a. Issue the show ipv6 ospf neighbor command on all routers to verify that each router is listing the correct routers as neighbors.

R1# show ipv6 ospf neighbor   
  
            OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface  
2.2.2.2           0   FULL/  -        00:00:39    6               Serial0/0/0

b. Issue the show ipv6 route ospf command on all routers to verify that each router has learned routes to all networks in the Addressing Table.

R1# show ipv6 route ospf  
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 16 entries  
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route  
       B - BGP, R - RIP, H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1  
       I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP  
       EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default, NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination  
       NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra, OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1  
       OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2  
OI  2001:DB8:ACAD:4::/64 [110/129]  
     via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0  
OI  2001:DB8:ACAD:5::/64 [110/129]  
     via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0  
OI  2001:DB8:ACAD:6::/64 [110/129]  
     via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0  
OI  2001:DB8:ACAD:7::/64 [110/129]  
     via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0  
O   2001:DB8:ACAD:8::/64 [110/65]  
     via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0  
O   2001:DB8:ACAD:23::/64 [110/128]  
     via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0

What does OI stand for? How was the OI route learned? ___________________
An OI route is an OSPF interarea route, which was learned from an OSPF neighbor participating in another area.

c. Issue the show ipv6 ospf database command on all routers.

R1# show ipv6 ospf database  
  
            OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)  
  
                Router Link States (Area 0)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Fragment ID  Link count  Bits  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  0            1           B  
 2.2.2.2         898         0x80000003  0            2           None  
 3.3.3.3         899         0x80000001  0            1           B  
  
                Inter Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Prefix  
 1.1.1.1         907         0x80000001  2001:DB8:ACAD::/62  
 3.3.3.3         898         0x80000001  2001:DB8:ACAD:4::/62
                Link (Type-8) Link States (Area 0)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Interface  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  6          Se0/0/0  
 2.2.2.2         909         0x80000002  6          Se0/0/0  
  
                Intra Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)  
            
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Ref-lstype  Ref-LSID  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  0          0x2001      0  
 2.2.2.2         898         0x80000003  0          0x2001      0  
 3.3.3.3         899         0x80000001  0          0x2001      0  
  
                Router Link States (Area 1)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Fragment ID  Link count  Bits  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  0            0           B  
  
                Inter Area Prefix Link States (Area 1)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Prefix  
 1.1.1.1         907         0x80000001  2001:DB8:ACAD:12::/64  
 1.1.1.1         907         0x80000001  2001:DB8:ACAD:8::/64  
 1.1.1.1         888         0x80000001  2001:DB8:ACAD:23::/64  
 1.1.1.1         888         0x80000001  2001:DB8:ACAD:4::/62  
  
                Link (Type-8) Link States (Area 1)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Interface  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  13         Lo0  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  14         Lo1  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  15         Lo2  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  16         Lo3  
  
                Intra Area Prefix Link States (Area 1)  
  
ADV Router       Age         Seq#        Link ID    Ref-lstype  Ref-LSID  
 1.1.1.1         908         0x80000001  0          0x2001      0

How many link state databases are found on R1? ___2
How many link state databases are found on R2? ___1
How many link state databases are found on R3? ___2

Reflection

Why would multi-area OSPFv3 be used? ___________________
Answers will vary. Multi-area OSPFv3 can be used in large network domains to improve the efficiency of the routing process, decrease the size of routing tables, and decrease router CPU/memory processing requirements.

Router Interface Summary Table

Router Interface Summary
Router Model Ethernet Interface #1 Ethernet Interface #2 Serial Interface #1 Serial Interface #2
1800 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
1900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
2801 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1)
2811 Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
2900 Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1)
Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface.

Device Configs – Final

R1# show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2078 bytes
!
version 15.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2
!
no aaa new-model
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
redundancy
!
interface Loopback0
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback1
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:1::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback2
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback3
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:3::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
shutdown
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 1.1.1.1
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^CUnauthorized access is strictly prohibited.^C
!
line con 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
R2# show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1809 bytes
!
version 15.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2
!
no aaa new-model
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
redundancy
!
interface Loopback8
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:8::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
ipv6 address FE80::2 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::2/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
ipv6 address FE80::2 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::2/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
clock rate 2000000
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 2.2.2.2
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^CUnauthorized access is strictly prohibited.^C
!
line con 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end
R3# show run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2142 bytes
!
version 15.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 15
!
no ip domain lookup
ip cef
ipv6 unicast-routing
ipv6 cef
!
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
redundancy
!
interface Loopback4
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback5
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:5::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback6
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:6::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Loopback7
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:7::1/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/0/0
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Serial0/0/1
no ip address
ipv6 address FE80::3 link-local
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::3/64
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 3.3.3.3
!
control-plane
!
banner motd ^CUnauthorized access is strictly prohibited.^C
!
line con 0
password cisco
logging synchronous
login
line aux 0
line 2
no activation-character
no exec
transport preferred none
transport input all
transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password cisco
login
transport input none
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
!
end