9.2.2.9 Lab – Configuring Multi-area OSPFv3 (Instructor Version)
Instructor Note: Red font color or gray highlights indicate text that appears in the instructor copy only.
Topology
Addressing Table
| Device | Interface | IPv6 Address |
|---|---|---|
| R1 | S0/0/0 (DCE) | 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::1/64 FE80::1 link-local |
| Lo0 | 2001:DB8:ACAD::1/64 | |
| Lo1 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:1::1/64 | |
| Lo2 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::1/64 | |
| Lo3 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:3::1/64 | |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::2/64 FE80::2 link-local |
| S0/0/1 (DCE) | 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::2/64 FE80::2 link-local | |
| Lo8 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:8::1/64 | |
| R3 | S0/0/1 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::3/64 FE80::3 link-local |
| Lo4 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::1/64 | |
| Lo5 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:5::1/64 | |
| Lo6 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:6::1/64 | |
| Lo7 | 2001:DB8:ACAD:7::1/64 |
Objectives
- Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings
- Part 2: Configure Multi-area OSPFv3 Routing
Background / Scenario
Using multi-area OSPFv3 in large IPv6 network deployments can reduce router processing cycles by creating smaller routing tables and requiring less memory overhead. In multi-area OSPFv3, all areas are connected to the backbone area (area 0) through area border routers (ABRs).
In this lab, you will implement OSPFv3 routing for multiple areas. You will also use a number of show commands to display and verify OSPFv3 routing information. This lab uses loopback addresses to simulate networks in multiple OSPFv3 areas.
Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 (universalk9 image). Other routers and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at this end of this lab for the correct interface identifiers.
Note: Make sure that the routers have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure, contact your instructor.
Instructor Note: Refer to the Instructor Lab Manual for the procedures to initialize and reload devices.
Required Resources
- 3 Routers (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
- 3 PCs (Windows with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
- Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
- Serial cables as shown in the topology
Part 1: Build the Network and Configure Basic Device Settings
In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings on the routers.
Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology.
Step 2: Initialize and reload the routers as necessary.
Step 3: Configure basic settings for each router.
a. Disable DNS lookup.
b. Configure device name as shown in the topology.
c. Assign class as the privileged EXEC password.
d. Assign cisco as the vty password.
e. Configure a MOTD banner to warn users that unauthorized access is prohibited.
f. Configure logging synchronous for the console line.
g. Encrypt plaintext passwords.
h. Configure the IPv6 unicast and link-local addresses listed in the Addressing Table for all interfaces.
i. Enable IPv6 unicast routing on each router.
j. Copy the running configuration to the startup configuration.
Step 4: Test connectivity.
The routers should be able to ping one another. The routers are unable to ping distant loopbacks until OSPFv3 routing is configured. Verify and troubleshoot if necessary.
Part 2: Configure Multi-area OSPFv3 Routing
In Part 2, you will configure OSPFv3 routing on all routers to separate the network domain into three distinct areas, and then verify that routing tables are updated correctly.
Step 1: Assign router IDs.
a. On R1, issue the ipv6 router ospf command to start an OSPFv3 process on the router.
R1(config)# ipv6 router ospf 1
Note: The OSPF process ID is kept locally and has no meaning to other routers on the network.
b. Assign the OSPFv3 router ID 1.1.1.1 to R1.
R1(config-rtr)# router-id 1.1.1.1
c. Start an OSPFv3 process on R2 and R3 and assign a router ID of 2.2.2.2 to R2 and a router ID of 3.3.3.3 to R3.
d. Issue the show ipv6 ospf command to verify the router IDs on all routers.
R2# show ipv6 ospf Routing Process "ospfv3 1" with ID 2.2.2.2 Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric <output omitted>
Step 2: Configure multi-area OSPFv3.
a. Issue the ipv6 ospf 1 area area-id command for each interface on R1 that is to participate in OSPFv3 routing. The loopback interfaces are assigned to area 1 and the serial interface is assigned to area 0. You will change the network type on the loopback interfaces to ensure that the correct subnet is advertised.
R1(config)# interface lo0 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point R1(config-if)# interface lo1 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point R1(config-if)# interface lo2 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point R1(config-if)# interface lo3 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point R1(config-if)# interface s0/0/0 R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
b. Use the show ipv6 protocols command to verify multi-area OSPFv3 status.
R1# show ipv6 protocols
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "connected"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ND"
IPv6 Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Router ID 1.1.1.1
Area border router
Number of areas: 2 normal, 0 stub, 0 nssa
Interfaces (Area 0):
Serial0/0/0
Interfaces (Area 1):
Loopback0
Loopback1
Loopback2
Loopback3
Redistribution:
None
c. Assign all interfaces on R2 to participate in OSPFv3 area 0. For the loopback interface, change the network type to point-to point. Write the commands used in the space below. ___________________
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R2(config-if)# interface s0/0/0
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)# interface s0/0/1
R2(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
d. Use the show ipv6 ospf interface brief command to view OSPFv3-enabled interfaces.
R2# show ipv6 ospf interface brief Interface PID Area Intf ID Cost State Nbrs F/C Lo8 1 0 13 1 P2P 0/0 Se0/0/1 1 0 7 64 P2P 1/1 Se0/0/0 1 0 6 64 P2P 1/1
e. Assign the loopback interfaces on R3 to participate in OSPFv3 area 2 and change the network type to point-to-point. Assign the serial interface to participate in OSPFv3 area 0. Write the commands used in the space below. ___________________
R3(config)# interface lo4
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface lo5
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface lo6
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface lo7
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
R3(config-if)# interface s0/0/1
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
f. Use the show ipv6 ospf command to verify configurations.
R3# show ipv6 ospf
Routing Process "ospfv3 1" with ID 3.3.3.3
Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic
It is an area border router
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Graceful restart helper support enabled
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
RFC1583 compatibility enabled
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
SPF algorithm executed 2 times
Number of LSA 16. Checksum Sum 0x0929F8
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Area 2
Number of interfaces in this area is 4
SPF algorithm executed 2 times
Number of LSA 13. Checksum Sum 0x048E3C
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Step 3: Verify OSPFv3 neighbors and routing information.
a. Issue the show ipv6 ospf neighbor command on all routers to verify that each router is listing the correct routers as neighbors.
R1# show ipv6 ospf neighbor
OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
2.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:39 6 Serial0/0/0
b. Issue the show ipv6 route ospf command on all routers to verify that each router has learned routes to all networks in the Addressing Table.
R1# show ipv6 route ospf
IPv6 Routing Table - default - 16 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, U - Per-user Static route
B - BGP, R - RIP, H - NHRP, I1 - ISIS L1
I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary, D - EIGRP
EX - EIGRP external, ND - ND Default, NDp - ND Prefix, DCE - Destination
NDr - Redirect, O - OSPF Intra, OI - OSPF Inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1
OE2 - OSPF ext 2, ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
OI 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::/64 [110/129]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0
OI 2001:DB8:ACAD:5::/64 [110/129]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0
OI 2001:DB8:ACAD:6::/64 [110/129]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0
OI 2001:DB8:ACAD:7::/64 [110/129]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0
O 2001:DB8:ACAD:8::/64 [110/65]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0
O 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::/64 [110/128]
via FE80::2, Serial0/0/0
What does OI stand for? How was the OI route learned? ___________________
An OI route is an OSPF interarea route, which was learned from an OSPF neighbor participating in another area.
c. Issue the show ipv6 ospf database command on all routers.
R1# show ipv6 ospf database
OSPFv3 Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
ADV Router Age Seq# Fragment ID Link count Bits
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 0 1 B
2.2.2.2 898 0x80000003 0 2 None
3.3.3.3 899 0x80000001 0 1 B
Inter Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)
ADV Router Age Seq# Prefix
1.1.1.1 907 0x80000001 2001:DB8:ACAD::/62
3.3.3.3 898 0x80000001 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::/62
Link (Type-8) Link States (Area 0)
ADV Router Age Seq# Link ID Interface
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 6 Se0/0/0
2.2.2.2 909 0x80000002 6 Se0/0/0
Intra Area Prefix Link States (Area 0)
ADV Router Age Seq# Link ID Ref-lstype Ref-LSID
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 0 0x2001 0
2.2.2.2 898 0x80000003 0 0x2001 0
3.3.3.3 899 0x80000001 0 0x2001 0
Router Link States (Area 1)
ADV Router Age Seq# Fragment ID Link count Bits
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 0 0 B
Inter Area Prefix Link States (Area 1)
ADV Router Age Seq# Prefix
1.1.1.1 907 0x80000001 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::/64
1.1.1.1 907 0x80000001 2001:DB8:ACAD:8::/64
1.1.1.1 888 0x80000001 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::/64
1.1.1.1 888 0x80000001 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::/62
Link (Type-8) Link States (Area 1)
ADV Router Age Seq# Link ID Interface
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 13 Lo0
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 14 Lo1
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 15 Lo2
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 16 Lo3
Intra Area Prefix Link States (Area 1)
ADV Router Age Seq# Link ID Ref-lstype Ref-LSID
1.1.1.1 908 0x80000001 0 0x2001 0
How many link state databases are found on R1? ___2
How many link state databases are found on R2? ___1
How many link state databases are found on R3? ___2
Reflection
Why would multi-area OSPFv3 be used? ___________________
Answers will vary. Multi-area OSPFv3 can be used in large network domains to improve the efficiency of the routing process, decrease the size of routing tables, and decrease router CPU/memory processing requirements.
Router Interface Summary Table
| Router Interface Summary | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Router Model | Ethernet Interface #1 | Ethernet Interface #2 | Serial Interface #1 | Serial Interface #2 |
| 1800 | Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) | Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| 1900 | Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) | Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| 2801 | Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) | Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) | Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) | Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) |
| 2811 | Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) | Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| 2900 | Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) | Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface. | ||||
Device Configs – Final
R1# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 2078 bytes ! version 15.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model ! no ip domain lookup ip cef ipv6 unicast-routing ipv6 cef ! multilink bundle-name authenticated ! redundancy ! interface Loopback0 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Loopback1 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:1::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Loopback2 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:2::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Loopback3 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:3::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0/0 no ip address ipv6 address FE80::1 link-local ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 clock rate 2000000 ! interface Serial0/0/1 no ip address shutdown ! ip forward-protocol nd ! no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 ! control-plane ! banner motd ^CUnauthorized access is strictly prohibited.^C ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line aux 0 line 2 no activation-character no exec transport preferred none transport input all transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh stopbits 1 line vty 0 4 password cisco login transport input none ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! end
R2# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 1809 bytes ! version 15.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R2 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model ! no ip domain lookup ip cef ipv6 unicast-routing ipv6 cef ! multilink bundle-name authenticated ! redundancy ! interface Loopback8 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:8::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0/0 no ip address ipv6 address FE80::2 link-local ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:12::2/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ! interface Serial0/0/1 no ip address ipv6 address FE80::2 link-local ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::2/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 clock rate 2000000 ! ip forward-protocol nd ! no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 ! control-plane ! banner motd ^CUnauthorized access is strictly prohibited.^C ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line aux 0 line 2 no activation-character no exec transport preferred none transport input all transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh stopbits 1 line vty 0 4 password cisco login transport input none ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! end
R3# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 2142 bytes ! version 15.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R3 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model memory-size iomem 15 ! no ip domain lookup ip cef ipv6 unicast-routing ipv6 cef ! multilink bundle-name authenticated ! redundancy ! interface Loopback4 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:4::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Loopback5 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:5::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Loopback6 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:6::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Loopback7 no ip address ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:7::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 2 ipv6 ospf network point-to-point ! interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0/0 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000 ! interface Serial0/0/1 no ip address ipv6 address FE80::3 link-local ipv6 address 2001:DB8:ACAD:23::3/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ! no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3 ! control-plane ! banner motd ^CUnauthorized access is strictly prohibited.^C ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line aux 0 line 2 no activation-character no exec transport preferred none transport input all transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh stopbits 1 line vty 0 4 password cisco login transport input none ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! end
