4.3.3.4 Lab – Configuring HSRP (Instructor Version)
Instructor Note: Red font color or gray highlights indicate text that appears in the instructor copy only.
Topology
Addressing Table
| Device | Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Default Gateway |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | G0/1 | 192.168.1.1 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| S0/0/0 (DCE) | 10.1.1.1 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.1.1.2 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A |
| S0/0/1 (DCE) | 10.2.2.2 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
| Lo1 | 209.165.200.225 | 255.255.255.224 | N/A | |
| R3 | G0/1 | 192.168.1.3 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| S0/0/1 | 10.2.2.1 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
| S1 | VLAN 1 | 192.168.1.11 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.1 |
| S3 | VLAN 1 | 192.168.1.13 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.3 |
| PC-A | NIC | 192.168.1.31 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.1 |
| PC-C | NIC | 192.168.1.33 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.3 |
Objectives
- Part 1: Build the Network and Verify Connectivity
- Part 2: Configure First Hop Redundancy using HSRP
Background / Scenario
Spanning tree provides loop-free redundancy between switches within a LAN. However, it does not provide redundant default gateways for end-user devices within the network if one of the routers fails. First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRPs) provide redundant default gateways for end devices with no end-user configuration necessary. In this lab, you will configure Cisco’s Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP), a First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP).
Note: The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 1941 Integrated Services Routers (ISRs) with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 (universalk9 image). The switches used are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.0(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of this lab for the correct interface identifiers.
Note: Make sure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure, contact your instructor.
Instructor Note: Refer to the Instructor Lab Manual for the procedures to initialize and reload devices.
Required Resources
- 3 Routers (Cisco 1941 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(4)M3 universal image or comparable)
- 2 Switches (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.0(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)
- 2 PCs (Windows 8, 7, or Vista with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)
- Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports
- Ethernet and serial cables as shown in the topology
Part 1: Build the Network and Verify Connectivity
In Part 1, you will set up the network topology and configure basic settings, such as the interface IP addresses, static routing, device access, and passwords.
Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology.
Attach the devices as shown in the topology diagram, and cable as necessary.
Step 2: Configure PC hosts.
Step 3: Initialize and reload the routers and switches as necessary.
Step 4: Configure basic settings for each router.
a. Disable DNS lookup.
b. Configure the device name as shown in the topology.
c. Configure IP addresses for the routers as listed in the Addressing Table.
d. Set clock rate to 128000 for all DCE serial interfaces.
e. Assign class as the encrypted privileged EXEC mode password.
f. Assign cisco for the console and vty password and enable login.
g. Configure logging synchronous to prevent console messages from interrupting command entry.
h. Copy the running configuration to the startup configuration.
Step 5: Configure basic settings for each switch.
a. Disable DNS lookup.
b. Configure the device name as shown in the topology.
c. Assign class as the encrypted privileged EXEC mode password.
d. Configure IP addresses for the switches as listed in the Addressing Table.
e. Configure the default gateway on each switch.
f. Assign cisco for the console and vty password and enable login.
g. Configure logging synchronous to prevent console messages from interrupting command entry.
h. Copy the running configuration to the startup configuration.
Step 6: Verify connectivity between PC-A and PC-C.
Ping from PC-A to PC-C. Were the ping results successful? _______Yes
If the pings are not successful, troubleshoot the basic device configurations before continuing.
Note: It may be necessary to disable the PC firewall to successfully ping between PCs.
Step 7: Configure routing.
a. Configure RIP version 2 on all routers. Add all the networks, except 209.165.200.224/27 into the RIP process.
b. Configure a default route on R2 using Lo1 as the exit interface to 209.165.200.224/27 network.
c. On R2, use the following commands to redistribute the default route into the RIP process.
R2(config)# router rip R2(config-router)# default-information originate
Step 8: Verify connectivity.
a. From PC-A, you should be able to ping every interface on R1, R2, R3, and PC-C. Were all pings successful? ___________Yes
If the pings are not successful, troubleshoot the basic device configurations before continuing.
b. From PC-C, you should be able to ping every interface on R1, R2, R3, and PC-A. Were all pings successful? ___________Yes
If the pings are not successful, troubleshoot the basic device configurations before continuing.
Part 2: Configure First Hop Redundancy Using HSRP
Even though the topology has been designed with some redundancy (two routers and two switches on the same LAN network), both PC-A and PC-C are configured with only one gateway address. PC-A is using R1 and PC-C is using R3. If either of these routers or the interfaces on the routers went down, the PC could lose its connection to the Internet.
In Part 2, you will test how the network behaves both before and after configuring HSRP. To do this, you will determine the path that packets take to the loopback address on R2.
Step 1: Determine the path for Internet traffic for PC-A and PC-C.
a. From a command prompt on PC-A, issue a tracert command to the 209.165.200.225 loopback address of R2.
C:\ tracert 209.165.200.225 Tracing route to 209.165.200.225 over a maximum of 30 hops 1 1 ms 1 ms 1 ms 192.168.1.1 2 13 ms 13 ms 13 ms 209.165.200.225 Trace complete.
What path did the packets take from PC-A to 209.165.200.225? _________________
PC-A to R1 to R2
b. From a command prompt on PC-C, issue a tracert command to the 209.165.200.225 loopback address of R2.
What path did the packets take from PC-C to 209.165.200.225? _________________
PC-C to R3 to R2
Step 2: Start a ping session on PC-A, and break the connection between S1 and R1.
a. From a command prompt on PC-A, issue a ping –t command to the 209.165.200.225 address on R2. Make sure you leave the command prompt window open.
Note: The pings continue until you press Ctrl+C, or until you close the command prompt window.
C:\ ping –t 209.165.200.225 Pinging 209.165.200.225 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 209.165.200.225: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=254 Reply from 209.165.200.225: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=254 Reply from 209.165.200.225: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=254 <output omitted>
b. As the ping continues, disconnect the Ethernet cable from F0/5 on S1. You can also shut down the S1 F0/5 interface, which creates the same result.
What happened to the ping traffic? _________________
After the cable was disconnected from F0/5 on S1 (or the interface was shut down), pings failed. Sample output is below.
Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. <output omitted>
c. Would be the results if you repeat Steps 2a and 2b on PC-C and S3? _________________
The results were the same as on PC-A. After the Ethernet cable was disconnected from F0/5 on S3, the pings failed.
d. Reconnect the Ethernet cables to F0/5 or enable the F0/5 interface on both S1 and S3, respectively. Re-issue pings to 209.165.200.225 from both PC-A and PC-C to make sure connectivity is re-established.
Step 3: Configure HSRP on R1 and R3.
In this step, you will configure HSRP and change the default gateway address on PC-A, PC-C, S1, and S2 to the virtual IP address for HSRP. R1 becomes the active router via configuration of the HSRP priority command.
a. Configure HSRP on R1.
R1(config)# interface g0/1 R1(config-if)# standby version 2 R1(config-if)# standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254 R1(config-if)# standby 1 priority 150 R1(config-if)# standby 1 preempt
b. Configure HSRP on R3.
R3(config)# interface g0/1 R3(config-if)# standby version 2 R3(config-if)# standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254
c. Verify HSRP by issuing the show standby command on R1 and R3.
R1# show standby
GigabitEthernet0/1 - Group 1 (version 2)
State is Active
4 state changes, last state change 00:00:30
Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.254
Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c9f.f001
Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c9f.f001 (v2 default)
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 1.696 secs
Preemption enabled
Active router is local
Standby router is 192.168.1.3, priority 100 (expires in 11.120 sec)
Priority 150 (configured 150)
Group name is "hsrp-Gi0/1-1" (default)
R3# show standby
GigabitEthernet0/1 - Group 1 (version 2)
State is Standby
4 state changes, last state change 00:02:29
Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.254
Active virtual MAC address is 0000.0c9f.f001
Local virtual MAC address is 0000.0c9f.f001 (v2 default)
Hello time 3 sec, hold time 10 sec
Next hello sent in 0.720 secs
Preemption disabled
Active router is 192.168.1.1, priority 150 (expires in 10.128 sec)
MAC address is d48c.b5ce.a0c1
Standby router is local
Priority 100 (default 100)
Group name is "hsrp-Gi0/1-1" (default)
Using the output shown above, answer the following questions:
Which router is the active router? _________________
R1
What is the MAC address for the virtual IP address? _________________
0000.0c9f.f001
What is the IP address and priority of the standby router? _________________
IP address is 192.168.1.3 and the priority is 100 (the default which is less than that of R1, the active router, with a priority of 150).
d. Use the show standby brief command on R1 and R3 to view an HSRP status summary. Sample output is shown below.
R1# show standby brief
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface Grp Pri P State Active Standby Virtual IP
Gi0/1 1 150 P Active local 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.254
R3# show standby brief
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface Grp Pri P State Active Standby Virtual IP
Gi0/1 1 100 Standby 192.168.1.1 local 192.168.1.254
e. Change the default gateway address for PC-A, PC-C, S1, and S3. Which address should you use? _________________
192.168.1.254
f. Verify the new settings. Issue a ping from both PC-A and PC-C to the loopback address of R2. Are the pings successful? _________________
Yes
Step 4: Start a ping session on PC-A and break the connection between the switch that is connected to the Active HSRP router (R1).
a. From a command prompt on PC-A, issue a ping –t command to the 209.165.200.225 address on R2. Ensure that you leave the command prompt window open.
b. As the ping continues, disconnect the Ethernet cable from F0/5 on S1 or shut down the F0/5 interface.
What happened to the ping traffic? _________________
A few packets may be dropped while the Standby router takes over. Sample output is shown below:
Reply from 209.165.200.225: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=254 Request timed out. Request timed out. Reply from 209.165.200.225: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=254 <output Omitted>
Step 5: Verify HSRP settings on R1 and R3.
a. Issue the show standby brief command on R1 and R3.
Which router is the active router? _________________
R3 is now the active router.
b. Reconnect the cable between the switch and the router or enable interface F0/5. Now which router is the active router? Explain. _________________
R1 became the active router because preemption is enabled and has a higher priority.
Step 6: Change HSRP priorities.
a. Change the HSRP priority to 200 on R3. Which is the active router? _________________
R1
b. Issue the command to change the active router to R3 without changing the priority. What command did you use? _________________
R3(config)# interface g0/1
R3(config-if)# standby 1 preempt
c. Use a show command to verify that R3 is the active router.
Reflection
Why would there be a need for redundancy in a LAN? _________________
In today’s networks, down time can be a critical issue affecting sales, productivity, and general connectivity (IP Telephony phones for example).
Router Interface Summary Table
| Router Interface Summary | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Router Model | Ethernet Interface #1 | Ethernet Interface #2 | Serial Interface #1 | Serial Interface #2 |
| 1800 | Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) | Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| 1900 | Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) | Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| 2801 | Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) | Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) | Serial 0/1/0 (S0/1/0) | Serial 0/1/1 (S0/1/1) |
| 2811 | Fast Ethernet 0/0 (F0/0) | Fast Ethernet 0/1 (F0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| 2900 | Gigabit Ethernet 0/0 (G0/0) | Gigabit Ethernet 0/1 (G0/1) | Serial 0/0/0 (S0/0/0) | Serial 0/0/1 (S0/0/1) |
| Note: To find out how the router is configured, look at the interfaces to identify the type of router and how many interfaces the router has. There is no way to effectively list all the combinations of configurations for each router class. This table includes identifiers for the possible combinations of Ethernet and Serial interfaces in the device. The table does not include any other type of interface, even though a specific router may contain one. An example of this might be an ISDN BRI interface. The string in parenthesis is the legal abbreviation that can be used in Cisco IOS commands to represent the interface. | ||||
Device Configs
R1# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 1375 bytes ! version 15.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model ! no ip domain lookup ip cef no ipv6 cef multilink bundle-name authenticated ! interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 standby version 2 standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254 standby 1 priority 150 standby 1 preempt duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 clock rate 128000 ! interface Serial0/0/1 no ip address shutdown ! ! router rip network 10.1.1.0 network 192.168.1.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ! no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! control-plane ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line aux 0 line 2 no activation-character no exec transport preferred none transport input all transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh stopbits 1 line vty 0 4 password cisco login transport input all ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! end
R2# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 1412 bytes ! version 15.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R2 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model ! no ip domain lookup ip cef no ipv6 cef multilink bundle-name authenticated ! interface Loopback1 ip address 209.165.200.225 255.255.255.224 ! interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0/0 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252 ! interface Serial0/0/1 ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252 clock rate 128000 ! ! router rip network 10.1.1.0 network 10.2.2.0 default-information originate ! ip forward-protocol nd ! no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Loopback1 ! ! control-plane ! ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line aux 0 line 2 no activation-character no exec transport preferred none transport input all transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh stopbits 1 line vty 0 4 password cisco login transport input all ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! end
R3# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 1319 bytes ! version 15.2 service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname R3 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model ! no ip domain lookup ip cef no ipv6 cef multilink bundle-name authenticated ! interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 no ip address shutdown duplex auto speed auto ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0 standby version 2 standby 1 ip 192.168.1.254 standby 1 priority 200 standby 1 preempt duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/0/0 no ip address shutdown clock rate 2000000 ! interface Serial0/0/1 ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252 ! ! router rip network 10.2.2.0 network 192.168.1.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ! no ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ! ! control-plane ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line aux 0 line 2 no activation-character no exec transport preferred none transport input all transport output pad telnet rlogin lapb-ta mop udptn v120 ssh stopbits 1 line vty 0 4 password cisco login transport input all ! scheduler allocate 20000 1000 ! end
S1# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 3114 bytes ! version 15.0 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname S1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model system mtu routing 1500 ! ! no ip domain-lookup ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-2530377856 enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-2530377856 revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-2530377856 ! ! !1panning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree extend system-id ! vlan internal allocation policy ascending ! ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ! interface FastEthernet0/2 ! interface FastEthernet0/3 ! interface FastEthernet0/4 ! interface FastEthernet0/5 ! interface FastEthernet0/6 ! interface FastEthernet0/7 ! interface FastEthernet0/8 ! interface FastEthernet0/9 ! interface FastEthernet0/10 ! interface FastEthernet0/11 ! interface FastEthernet0/12 ! interface FastEthernet0/13 ! interface FastEthernet0/14 ! interface FastEthernet0/15 ! interface FastEthernet0/16 ! interface FastEthernet0/17 ! interface FastEthernet0/18 ! interface FastEthernet0/19 ! interface FastEthernet0/20 ! interface FastEthernet0/21 ! interface FastEthernet0/22 ! interface FastEthernet0/23 ! interface FastEthernet0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.1.254 ip http server ip http secure-server ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line vty 0 4 password cisco login line vty 5 15 password cisco login ! end
S3# show run Building configuration... Current configuration : 2974 bytes ! version 15.0 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname S3 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! enable secret 4 06YFDUHH61wAE/kLkDq9BGho1QM5EnRtoyr8cHAUg.2 ! no aaa new-model system mtu routing 1500 ! ! no ip domain-lookup ! ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-2530358400 enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-2530358400 revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-2530358400 ! ! ! spanning-tree mode pvst spanning-tree extend system-id ! vlan internal allocation policy ascending ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ! interface FastEthernet0/2 ! interface FastEthernet0/3 ! interface FastEthernet0/4 ! interface FastEthernet0/5 ! interface FastEthernet0/6 ! interface FastEthernet0/7 ! interface FastEthernet0/8 ! interface FastEthernet0/9 ! interface FastEthernet0/10 ! interface FastEthernet0/11 ! interface FastEthernet0/12 ! interface FastEthernet0/13 ! interface FastEthernet0/14 ! interface FastEthernet0/15 ! interface FastEthernet0/16 ! interface FastEthernet0/17 ! interface FastEthernet0/18 ! interface FastEthernet0/19 ! interface FastEthernet0/20 ! interface FastEthernet0/21 ! interface FastEthernet0/22 ! interface FastEthernet0/23 ! interface FastEthernet0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.13 255.255.255.0 ! ip default-gateway 192.168.1.254 ip http server ip http secure-server ! ! line con 0 password cisco logging synchronous login line vty 0 4 password cisco login line vty 5 15 password cisco login ! end
